The Indonesian “GmbH”
am 10.10.2007 von http://www.law-blog.de/
Foreign investment in Indonesia requires a legal entity incorporated under Indonesian law. This legal entity can either be established as a legally independent subsidiary of the foreign company or as a joint venture between the foreign investor and an Indonesian company.
A so-called Perseroan Terbatas (PT) is a limited liability company comprising of elements also found in the German Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH) and the German Aktiengesellschaft (AG). It has three corporate organs, namely the General Shareholders Meeting, the Board of Directors and The Board of Commissioners. A PT is obliged to pay corporate income tax in Indonesia. The rates vary depending on the income of the company. The foreign investor, however, is limited to the legal form of a Perseroan Terbatas (PT), more specific a Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA), a limited liability company incorporated under Indonesian law.
There are two ways to set up a PMA; either the foreign investor can establish a company that is a) completely 100 percent owned by him or b) form a joint venture with an Indonesian company as partner.
There is one requirement that has to be fulfilled by foreign sole owner; the PMA must divest an unspecified portion of shares to an Indonesian party within a period of 15 years. The exact percentage of the so-called sebagian is not fixed by law; this is why the BKPM determines the rate depending on each case.
The other possibility to establish a PMA is by means of a joint venture with an Indonesian partner. Eligible as …
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